Challenges of participation in large-scale public projects
This paper analyzes the unique challenges of conducting participatory design in large-scale public projects, focusing on stakeholder management, fostering engagement, and integrating participatory methods into institutional transformation.

The case study centers on the development of Mediaspace, a public multimedia library in Aarhus, Denmark, highlighting how participatory design principles were applied at every stage.
It identifies four main challenges: engaging highly diverse stakeholders, communicating the value of participation to the public, creating new techniques to support ongoing involvement, and balancing iterative design with the need for large-scale institutional change. The paper underscores the importance of embedding participatory values into project governance and the evolving role of public institutions in the digital age​
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